India has achieved dual breakthroughs in sustainable technology, successfully testing its first hydrogen-powered train coach and witnessing the test-firing of an indigenous hydrogen-oxygen propulsion engine for space applications.
Indian Railways has taken a monumental step towards eco-friendly transportation with the successful testing of its first hydrogen-powered train coach on July 25, 2025, at the Integral Coach Factory (ICF) in Chennai. This achievement was proudly shared by Railway Minister Ashwini Vaishnaw, highlighting India's emergence as a leader in green train technology.
The hydrogen train operates on electricity generated by hydrogen fuel cells, producing only water vapor as a byproduct, making it entirely pollution-free. Capable of reaching speeds of 110 kilometers per hour and covering up to 180 kilometers on a single charge, this 1,200-horsepower locomotive is among the most powerful of its kind globally. Designed by the Research Designs and Standards Organisation (RDSO) in Lucknow, the train incorporates indigenous technology, including hydrogen cylinders and batteries that convert hydrogen into electricity.
Trials for India's first hydrogen train are set to begin on the Jind-Sonipat route in Haryana, an 89-kilometer stretch. Reports suggest the train, initially comprising eight non-AC coaches, could be fully operational by August 31, 2025. Indian Railways plans to deploy these trains on various heritage routes across the country, such as the Darjeeling Himalayan Railway, Kalka-Shimla Railway, and Nilgiri Mountain Railway, under the "Hydrogen for Heritage" initiative. This ambitious project aims to deploy 35 such trains, each estimated to cost Rs. 80 crore, with an additional Rs. 70 crore per route for ground infrastructure, including hydrogen storage and fueling facilities.
This initiative is a critical component of Indian Railways' overarching goal to achieve "net-zero carbon emissions" by 2030. While initial operational costs may be higher, the long-term environmental benefits and projected savings of Rs. 18-33 crore over diesel trains make it a compelling investment in sustainable transportation.
